Piston.



G. R. RICH.

PISTON.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 15,'1915.

lie

$502* H" Z'C,

UNITED STATES PATENT orFIon.

GEORGE ROBERT RICE` 0rlOAKtA-KQILLINOIS,ssIGNon moSnIcHfooL *c'OV-NE 0F CHICAGO, IILINOIS, A CORBORA'IION' or ILLINoIsfy' use in connection with other motors where.

high' temperatures are developed the operation of the same.

- Theprincipal object of this invention is to provide apiston constructed in such manner 'that the usual piston rings may be dispensed with, if desired, and capable of fittingA the bore of the cylinder more closely than the pistons of ordinary type.

It is well-known that heretofore consider able clearance has been left between pistons and the interna-l cylinder walls to allow for expansion of the piston, due to the high tem.-

' peratures developed at the head of the piston. There is a serious objection to engine constructions in which there is as much as seven to ten thousandths of an inch clearance between the piston and cylinder, because the piston wabbles and runs locs-ily in the cylinder when cold, usually causing such wear on the cylinder wall, as to change-its cylindrical form to an oval form in cross section;

lWith my improved piston only sufficient clearance'may be left between the 'piston and internal cylinder wall to permit passage of lubricating oil, say, -for instance, two or three thousandths of an inch clearance, and when a' lmof oil is confined between the piston and cylinder wall, it is scarcely possible to detect any lateral play between the two,v especially when in operation', y,

Thisfinv'ention consists in `a piston having av piston yhead, capable of expandingmdependently 'of the body of the piston, and'of slightly less diameter than said body, andV suitablemeans for connecting together. the head and body. j l j The invention further consists m the several novelfeature'shereinafter set forthand claimed, 3

'A Specification ofLett-ers` Patent. Patentedtanfls, 1916, Application filed May 15, V1915. Serial No. 28,256.` i

The invention is clearly illustrated the vaccompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a central, vertical section through a piston'embodying a simple form of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken on the line2`-2 of Fig. 1; and Fig. y3 is a vertical section taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 1,'but showing the piston head expanded. j

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in said drawing, 10 designates the cylindrical `wall or body of the piston, which body may be open at top and bottom. Conve'niently, the wall, 10, may be thickened near its upper end to provide a shoulder, 11, against which bears the foot or flanges, 12, of a spring-abutment member, 13; the upper edge of said wall, 10, is preferably tapered downwardly and inwardly to provide a ta. pered seat, 14, for the piston head, 15, to.

seat upon, said head also being tapered at its peripheral edge tot the tapered seat, 14. The piston head, 1x5, is of slightly less diameter than the outside diameter of the piston body, 10. to allow for expansion, independent of the piston body.. Preferably, said A piston head is of flat, disk-like form and has a centrally disposed, tubular sleeve erstem, 17,-v formed thereon, which projects into the interior of the piston body, 10, and into -a n compression spring' chamber, 18, of the-y spring-abutment member, 13. Said tubular stem or sleeve, 17, may, however, be dispensed with, if so desired. The piston head may loe-connected to the wrist-pin-bearing member, 19, byv a stud or pin, 20, although not necessarily so, and said stud or pin, 20,

projects .up .through the tubular stem or sleeve, 17, and piston head, and is' secured to said head by suitable means, here shown to comprise a nut, 2l, threaded upon the screw-threaded'- end ofthe stud or pin, 20, and bearing against the piston'head., The stud may have a vradial hole' formed therein andthe nut may have a number of opposi'tely disposed, radial notches formed there'- in, vany pair of` which, when in register with the hole in the stud or pin, may receive a Cotter pin or the like forvllocking the nut in place. Preferably, the lower face of the nut is tapered and fits upon' a tapered seat on the top of the piston head.. Thellower end of the tubular stembrA sleeve, 17, bears 'l the shoulder,`22, of the member, 19, vand is connedunder com res- 23, of whichhas an against a 'shouldered' portion,kk 22, of the".

wrist-pinlbearing member, 19, and by screw' lng the nut', 21, down on' the piston head,

thef wrist-pm-bearing member/and" piston i ead may be rigid ,connected together. The connecting rod (not shown) may' be connectedato the lWrist pin-bearing member, 19,-by/a,wrist pin (not shown) inany of the ordi-naryi and ywell-known ways.

as formed with a housing, the tubular wall, inturned, annular flange, 24, upon its upper end which forms a shou1- der orabutment for a -coiled compression spring, 25, whose other Aend bears against 4 sion between said shoulders, 22,- 24v a sight space is leftbetween the bottom ofthe wall,

23, and top, 26, of the wrist-pin-bearin member,'19, tov permit a slight rise-fl of saiA member,`19, whenever the piston head ex` pandsa'nd rldes upon the tapered seat, 14,

on th'ewall, 10.

" acylinder,

'.In use the piston is tted to the bore of clearance being left. for the pas- .jsage 'of lubricating oil and it is connected to Aso much of this heat rounding cylinder wall 'and employed in water-cooled-internal combusvmi the, connecting j usual. The engine or motor being started,

heat is quickly developed at and above the r y piston,

l with. As it expan pered scat, 14, it draws the wrist-pin-bearing -be member, 19, upward against the l' I am the exact details of rod by vthe Wrist pin,Y as

especially when used? inan internal combustionengine; the pistonhead is, however, free to expand without carrying with it theside'wall of the piston, 4since it-is not fixedly or integrally connected theres and rides up the ta# spring, 25,

and further com resses thesame, the effect being' that the piston head isl held tight on its seat. The diameter *of the piston head should be so pro ortioned with respect to that of the piston y, that when expanded to its ymaximum extent, it comes Hush with the outer face of the piston wall, but not be- :yond it. Heat will,.of course, be conducted downinto the wall of the piston body, but

is absorbed by the surwater jacket t1onengines. l

aware that more or less variation of construction is possible without departin from the principle of my invention, and desire, therefore, notto limit myself to the exact form of construction shown and described, but intend inthe sclosed herein.

I claim as new and desire'to secureby following claims to point but all of the invention' i Letters Patent:

' 1..v A piston for motors, cizomnxu'isinP a hol'- f-I'o'w piston body4 having an annullu seat upon one end,`agpiston head of less diameter seated upon said annular 1 the' piston body, Y The spring-abutment member, 13, is shown wrist-pin-bearing -membe K u v said plstonV head, a sprmg-abutmentmemon said seat.

2. A piston' for motors,comprising a'hollow piston lbody having an annular tapered seat on one end, a disk-like piston head having its edge portion tapered to it'and seat upon said seat of the piston body, said p1ston 'head1 being of less diameter thanl that of to said piston head, an abutment member for a spring' in the hollow ofl said piston bod inedv under compression between said shouldered stem and abutment member forholding said headonthe seat o 'fsaidbody.v v

3. A piston forl motors, comprising .a h ollow piston body vhaving anannulartapered seat on 4one end, a dis like piston 'headof less diameter than said piston body. having a tapered edge portion seated onsaid seat of the piston body, a 'Wrist-pin-bearing member having a stem ixedly secured to said piston head, aspringabl1triient mema lcoiled compression spring confined .under compression betweensaid wristfp'in-bearing member and abutment member', acting' to hold said piston head onthe seat of s'a1d piston body; A

4. A piston for'motors, comprisingfa holone en a disk-like head of less diameter than said pistonl body, .u u seat off'the piston body, a Wrist-pin-bealjing r having afstem rigidly 'secured to rbearing against a shoulder on the 4internal Wallof the vpiston body and having a housing"'su rrounding said"` 'stem' and lformed with an inturned'flange, and .Ia

confined under with an maar and formed with a tav'diameter than ythat of sleeve and` formed and a coiled compressionspringjconhaving av tapered edge por-- a shouldered stem secured ,ber 'in the hollow ofsaidpistonbody, and a A i flow piston body having 'an annularseat, at

seating' upon said v comprisinga hol-f i at 'one end, disklike ing said'sleeve and confinedin said housin i between its inturned end 'and the shoulder". 139

ing memberhaving a shouldered portion, and' having ya stem extending up` throught' said sleeve and fixedly secured to'said 'pistoni'.- `head, a spring-abutment member-bearing v against :said shoulder ofthe .pistonffbody'y and having a housing surroundingfsaid' withy an inturned' Hnge,

vof the Wrist-Fpin-bearing member, said spring acting to hold -said piston head upon the se'at of the piston body.

6. A piston for motors, comprising a holloW piston body having a tapered seat on one end, a piston head of less diameter than that of said piston body and having a tapered edge portion seating upon said seat of the piston body and formed With a centrally disposed sleeve, Aprojecting into the hollow of said piston body, a Wrist-pin: bearing member having a shoulder and having a screw-threaded stem proj ectingthrough said sleeve and piston head, a nut threaded upon said screw-threaded stem and bearing against the outer face of'the piston head, a spring-abutment member in the hollow of said piston body and bearing against said body and having a housing surrounding .said sleeve and formed With an inturned ange, and a coiled compression spring surrounding sa-id sleeve and vconined under ing means between said body andhead. 1

8. A piston formotors, comprising a hollow piston body, an independent expansi ble piston head of less diameter than that of the piston body, yielding means for holding said piston head upon s aid body, and

a Wrist-pin-bearing member Xedly secured Y to said head. i

9. A piston for motors, comprising a `hollow piston body, an independent, expansible piston head of less diameterthan that of the piston body, and means for holding said piston head upon said body.

GEORGE ROBERT RICH.. 

